Replaced the OrangePi with a RaspPi4 now due to CPU overloads on high micro steps. However the RasPi at first showed the same or similar issues.
It then received a new DC-DC buck converter that outputs 5.1 V and can handle a couple of amps if needed.
And additionally I did follow those steps here:
So cross fingers it’ll stay stable now and I can work on the remaining to dos…
@Sineos thank you very much for your support directly and indirectly!