I guess purely in a “math sense” input shaping in Klipper could be called a “FIR filter” - in that input shaping “filters” the input and it has a “finite response”.
Typically, when I think of a FIR filter, I think of a bunch of multiplication and addition on a discrete set of values. However, the Klipper kinematics works with continuous acceleration and velocity curves. So, Klipper’s input shaper is still a bunch of multiplication and summing, but not over a set of discrete values.